Planes are used to remove wood and produce a smooth surface. There are different types of planes available in various sizes.
There are three types of bench plane, all similar in design but with sole plates (the smooth metal underside of the plane) of different lengths.
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This is the largest version of the bench plane with a sole plate of about 600mm (2ft). The Jointer plane is designed for trimming the edges of long boards. It is also suitable for levelling large flat panels as the long sole plate bridges any unevenness in the surface until the blade removes them. However, the size of the Jointer plane makes it too awkward for detailed work.
An excellent, all-purpose plane with a sole plate about 350mm (1ft 2in) in length. A Jack plane can be used for most types of planing and will remove wood quickly and efficiently.
Smaller than the Jack plane, the smoothing plane is used to achieve a final finish on the timber.
A Block plane is smaller than a Smoothing plane and has its blade set at a very shallow angle, making it ideal for very fine trimming work. Block planes are also suitable for working on the end grain of timber. It also differs from bench planes as it can be used one-handed.
Before starting to plane check the angle and depth of the blade.
Although not exactly a plane, a rasp is also used for trimming and shaping timber but only when you are creating a curve or rounded edge. Rasps differ in size and have abrasive blades that vary in coarseness.
A two handled rasp fitted with a blade that has holes punched through its entire surface. As the blade runs over the surface of the timber, the shavings are forced through the holes to clear the blade.
The power planer has removed the effort from planing and many DIY enthusiasts opt for this tool over its manual counterpart. Once again they come in various sizes including heavy-duty models. But it is the smaller power planer that is best suited for DIY projects. Even so, ensure that you buy a power planer with a sufficiently powerful motor, which should be at least 400W.
The blade of a power planer is designed to last but is easily damaged if it hits a nail or screw embedded in the timber. Therefore, it is important to inspect the timber carefully before you commence planing.
Every power planer will come with its own operating instructions, but here are some general tips.